The objective of this study is to explore the effect of Ketaconazole on acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in Swiss Albino mice based on the hypothesis of inhibition of fungal colonization in the colon leads to decrease the inflammatory reactions involved in ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis was induced by 0.1 ml of (6% v/v) acetic acid and assessed clinical disease activity index everyday like body weight loss, stool consistency and gross bleeding. Animal was treated with Ketaconazole for seven days, on eighth day blood was withdrawn from retro orbital puncture, serum was separated and C - reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and total hemoglobin were also measured. Then animal were euthanized, colon were excised, washed and its length, histological changes and spleen weight were also measured. Colon tissue homogenate was subjected to measure myeloperoxidase assay, glutathione content, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide production and colonic IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations. Intracolonic administration of Ketaconazole doesn’t reduce the severity of acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis. Ketaconazole insignificantly prevents tissue myeloperoxidase accumulation, colon shortening, spleen enlargement, glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide production and fails to decrease colonic IL-6, TNF-α in inflammed colonic tissue. Serum concentrations of C-reactive protein, alkaline phosphate, total protein and total hemoglobin levels were also not altered into normal levels. The present study results confirmed that the Ketoconazole doesn’t possess any significant reduction in inflammation against acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in mice.
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